![]() While it is well established that urban areas host ecological communities subject to unique stressors ( Jones and Harrison, 2004 Reese et al., 2016 Joyner et al., 2019) absent in natural systems (e.g., pollution, high population density), the influence of landscape heterogeneity on the environment is poorly described. Identifying patterns and processes of the structure-function relationship in the urban landscape in the context of environmental and ecological processes is challenging due to variable density and patchy spatial patterns ( Pickett and Cadenasso, 2008). Characteristics including vegetation and other landcover classes influence, and can be used to estimate ecological functions ( van Oudenhoven et al., 2012 Bastian et al., 2014) and forecast changes( Dietze et al., 2018 Dietze, 2019) that are crucial under global change scenarios. Urban spatial structure is important to understanding social and ecological interactions between the built and natural environment and provides a bridge to sustainable development ( Zhou et al., 2017). ![]() Our research highlights the use of STURLA classification to capture a physical property of the urban landscape We find a similar distribution of STURLA class composition across the three cities, though NYC and Berlin showed strong correlation with each other but not with Philadelphia. In Philadelphia, STURLA classes hosted ST that were unique and significantly different as compared to all other classes. We evaluate the results in Philadelphia as compared to previous case studies in Berlin, Germany and New York City, United States. Building on previous research, we develop a STURLA classification for Philadelphia, PA and study the relationship between urban structure and land surface temperature. The Structure of Urban Landscape (STURLA) classification accounts for the compositional complexity of urban landcover structures including the built and natural environment. 3Institute of Geography, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germanyĭiscerning the relationship between urban structure and function is crucial for sustainable city planning and requires examination of how components in urban systems are organized in three-dimensional space.2Department of Geography and the Environment, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, United States.1Department of Political Science, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, United States.Erik Mitz 1, Peleg Kremer 2*, Neele Larondelle 3 and Justin D.
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